The complex interplay between the neurological and immune systems is the subject of neuroimmunology. It investigates the relationship between immune responses and neurological function in the brain and spinal cord. This area of study examines diseases such as multiple sclerosis, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the nervous system, leading to neurological disorders and damage to the nerves. Comprehending neuroimmunology is essential for formulating therapeutic approaches that regulate immune reactions to safeguard and restore the nervous system. Furthermore, it clarifies the part inflammation plays in a range of neurological conditions, opening doors for the creation of novel therapeutic strategies that focus on the neurological and immunological aspects of disease pathogenesis.